Question 3: TARTAN DAY What is the origin of Tartan Day?

Most people know that April 6th was chosen for Tartan Day because that day in 1320 was the signing of the Declaration of Arbroath by the Scottish nobility (including William, the Earl of Ross), declaring Scottish independence from England. It is said to be the inspiration for many future documents declaring national liberty and protecting the rights and freedoms of citizens.

Here are some facts about Tartan Day courtesy of our secretary Ian Mackay Ross and our webmaster J. Douglas Ross.

There are more people of Scots descent throughout the world than you'll find in Scotland itself. Tartan Day was established for people of Scottish heritage in the "New World" to show pride in their background and respect for their pioneer ancestors who were instrumental in developing the countries in which they now live. The Scottish value of hard work and education resulted in their prominence in the fields of business, education, government, the military and the professions.

Tartan Day originated in Nova Scotia with a proposal by Mrs. Jean Watson on 09 March 1986 which was supported by the Federation of Scottish Clans. She contacted the Premier and each member of the Cabinet plus other members of the Legislative Assembly and, on Monday, April 6th, 1987, John William Gillis, MLA for Antigonish stood up in the house and made a private member's motion encouraging the wearing of "tartan on April 6th of this year and in future years." She continued tirelessly to write letters to federal and provincial politicians and Scottish groups across Canada. Since 1987, Tartan Day has been embraced by peoples of Scottish descent worldwide. Countries that have officially legislated a day of recognition for the contribution of citizens with Scottish heritage include Canada, Scotland, Australia, France, and the United States.

In response to action initiated by the Clans and Scottish Societies of Canada, Ontario MPP Bill Murdoch put forward a Private Member's Bill and, on December 19th 1991, the Ontario Legislature unanimously passed a resolution proclaiming April 6th as Tartan Day. When British Columbia passed a similar resolution on March 25, 1992, the Honourable F. Garden, MP of the Federal Legislature from Vancouver, pondered the possibility of a Federal Tartan Day Holiday, and praised the BC proclamation of Tartan Day that April, as follows: The declaration of Scottish independence was signed in my home town in 1320, and it was a declaration of freedom. In the words of those Scottish nobles, when they wrote to the powers of the day to get their independence, it said: "It is in truth not for glory, nor riches, nor honours that we are fighting, but for freedom, for that alone which no honest man or woman gives up but with life itself." That's what Scots people brought to Canada -- that freedom. Manitoba was a typical Canadian Province to recognize this day after Eldon Ross of Winnipeg prevailed upon Mr. Gerry McAlpine, a Progressive Conservative MPP and a member of the local St. Andrew's Society, to sponsor a private member's bill. Royal Assent for the Manitoba Tartan Day Bill 206 wasn't received until July 11, 1994, although April 6th had been proclaimed Tartan Day on a year by year basis for several years prior to this; the specific passage after the preamble reads: Manitoba Tartan Day ... 6.1 - In recognition of the role that Scottish Manitobans have played and continue to play in Manitoba's cultural heritage, April 6 in each year is declared to be "Manitoba Tartan Day".

Such resolutions had been passed by most other Canadian provinces including Newfoundland on April 6, 1995, and Tartan Day was now formally celebrated on April 6. Many clan societies had already been following Nova Scotia's lead during the intervening years.

W. Neil Fraser, as Past Chairman of the Clans and Scottish Societies of Canada, represented CASSOC at a conference convened by the Caledonian Foundation, USA Incorporated, in Sarasota FL, in March of 1996. He reported on the efforts of CASSOC to establish Tartan Day as a national event to celebrate our Scottish heritage in Canada since 1987, and he explained why April 6th was more appropriate than Canada Day (July 1st) or Independance Day (July 4th). Participants showed great interest and the Coalition of US Scottish Organizations subsequently adopted the concept in 1997. The government of the USA followed suit on March 20, 1998, as Tartan Day was proclaimed nationally when Senate Resolution 155 (S.Res. 155), proposed by US Senate Republican majority leader Trent Lott, was passed unanimously.

In 2003, the Québec National Assembly finally passed Act 190 recognizing the Scottish immigrants who first settled in Québec over 400 years ago, making the Scots one of the founding peoples of Québec. The Act further recognized contributions which the Scottish community of Québec had made to the economic, social and cultural development of the province. The Act proclaimed Tartan Day to be 6 April in each and every year. Other than the French who constitute the majority of citizens in the province, no other nationality or group of ethic origin has ever received such an honour.

Here are the Provinces of Canada, in order, on which Tartan Day was "officially" proclaimed:

Nova Scotia: April 6, 1987
Ontario: December 19, 1991
British Columbia: March 25, 1992
Prince Edward Island: April 2, 1992
Saskatchewan: April 6, 1992
Manitoba: April 6, 1992 (Royal Assent received on July 11, 1994)
Alberta: April 6, 1992
New Brunswick: April 6, 1993
Newfoundland and Labrador: April 6, 1995
Quebec: December 18, 2003

In Canada, the Scottish Studies Society, the fundraising arm of the Scottish Studies Foundation (established in 1987), sponsors an Annual Tartan Day Celebration Dinner during April. Since the inception of this event, the following prominent Canadians of Scottish origin have been named Scot of the Year:

1993 - Major-General Lewis MacKenzie, former Commanding Officer of the U.N. Forces in Sarajevo, Yugoslavia

1994 - Madame Justice, The Hon. Bertha Wilson, retired from the Supreme Court of Canada

1995 - Lloyd Robertson, well known CTV News Anchor

1996 - The Hon. Donald S, Macdonald, former Federal Cabinet Minister and Canadian High Commissioner to Great Britain and Northern Ireland

1997 - Col. The Hon. Henry N. R. Jackman, former Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario

1998 - John Cleghorn, Chairman and CEO of The Royal Bank of Canada

1999 - Michael MacMillan, Chairman and CEO of Alliance Atlantis Films, the largest film and TV production company in Canada

2000 - Lynton (Red) Wilson, Chairman of Bell Canada Enterprises (BCE)

2001 - Katherine Macmillan, President and CEO of Goldfarb Consultants, previously holding executive positions and obtaining extensive corporate experience with Warner Lambert health care, the Campbell Soup Company and the Bank of Montreal.

2002 - Alistair MacLeod B.A., B.Ed. (St. Francis Xavier Univ.), M.A. (Univ. of New Brunswick), Ph.D. (Univ. of Notre Dame), professor and award-winning author (e.g. - Island: The Collected Stories, 2000; No Great Mischief, 1999)

2003 - (dual awards) Alastair Gillespie, former Liberal Cabinet Minister & long-time Governor on the Scottish Studies Foundation. T.Iain Ronald, prominent executive in the financial and retail industries.

2004 - John McDermott emigrated to Canada with his parents in 1965, and produced a CD of Scottish and Irish songs for their 50th Anniversary. Subsequently, his rise to international fame as a Celtic Singer/Songwriter has been phenomenal.

2005 - Douglas M. Gibson, internationally acclaimed Canadian editor / publisher, president of McClelland & Stewart, Incorporated. He was raised in Dunlop, Scotland.

2006 - Hugh Boyle, now of Ottawa, founded Zoom Airlines in May 2002 with a team of travel and aviation experts. This Scottish-born entrepreneur and chairman hired Kristopher Dolinki, a former executive with his travel company in Scotland, to become Zoom's chief executive officer. Zoom's airfares include full meals with entertainment and they are one-way, enabling customers to fly into one destination and fly out of another at no additional cost, with no Saturday night stopovers or minimum/ maximum stay. Early flight bookings receive lower fares. [Boyle's Direct Holidays travel business, featuring low fares and direct-to-consumer sales, was a brand leader in the UK, capturing ten per cent of the British holiday market, before Boyle sold it to Airtours (Sunquest's parent company).]

2007 - Jean Watson of Pictou, Nova Scotia, as the "Mother of Tartan Day", was introduced by past Scot-of-the-Year Douglas M. Gibson. She received the award from last year's winner of the award, Hugh Boyle. Thanks to Jean's untiring efforts, Tartan Day is officially celebrated by persons of Scottish descent around the world.

2008 - Donald A. Stewart, born in 1946, holds a degree in Natural Philosophy from the University of Glasgow, graduating in 1968 with first class honours. Mr. Stewart joined the Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada in London, England in 1969. He emigrated to Montreal in 1972, after qualifying as a Fellow of the Institute of Actuaries. In 1974, Mr. Stewart left the Company to pursue a career in benefits consulting in Toronto. He returned in 1980 to lead the Canadian Group Retirement Services Division. From 1987 to 1992, Mr. Stewart held overall responsibility for Information Technology. He was appointed head of Sun Life Trust Company in September 1992. In 1996 he was appointed President & Chief Operating Officer, and in 1998, Chief Executive Officer. In March 2000, Mr. Stewart led the successful demutualization of Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada. He has since grown the parent company, Sun Life Financial Inc., through acquisitions in Canada, the United States and Hong Kong. Mr. Stewart is a director of the Canadian Life and Health Insurance Association, the American Council of Life Insurers, and a trustee of CI Financial Income Fund. Scottish Government Minister Linda Fabiani, MSP, Minister for Europe, External Affairs and Culture presented Donald with the Scottish Studies Society's 16th annual 'Scot of the Year' award.